On the other hand, some of the variations are significant, even now. The first patent may have been for a design that was difficult to machine; or awkward to use; or quickly wore out. The second patent introduced a new way that not only got by the first patent, but also produced a better article of commerce. Never mind that the mechanism's basic operation was the same. My best guess is that there were so many unpatented mechanisms in common use (in the public domain) that if the concept was unpatentable, the execution was. Witness the little roller that keeps the bevel gears of a No.2 Millers Falls eggbeater drill in near-perfect mesh on the pitch lines of the mating gears. No one ever found a better way; yet the only patent which illustrates this mechanism (that I have been able to find) uses an instantly recognizable rendition of that model as an example of the quintessential geared bit driver: George L. Wilcox, "Locking Device for Hand Drills" US Patent No. 1,083,784, January 6, 1914 - "It is understood that the hand drill so far described is of the standard type of drill now generally in use." Mr. Wilcox's witnesses were Theo. G. Hoster and Philip D. Rollhaus.
Note:
Until this study is fully published, you can link to the brace images
by copying
the file name of a brace (in the column at left in the table below) and
then pasting it onto the end of this URL: http://www.georgesbasement.com/braces/
Patentee;
chuck first, then ratchet or mfg., etc. |
Manufacturer | US Patents |
Amidon661.JPG | Amidon, probably | Chuck: Amidon, 226,646, April 20, 1886; Pad: |
DavisFribora690.JPG | Fribora, D.R.P. | Chuck: Davis, 432,180, July 15, 1890. |
IvesPfleghar616.JPG | Ives, William A. [see Note 1] | Chuck: Ives, 301,058, June 24, 1884; Ratchet: Pfleghar, 175,151, March 21, 1876. |
IvesPfleghar622.JPG | Ives, probably [see Note 1] | Chuck: Ives, 195,373, September 18, 1877; Ratchet: Pfleghar, 175,151, March 21, 1876. |
OsgoodOsgood628.JPG | Saxton
& Osgood, Buffalo, NY, 1886-87 |
Chuck: Osgood, 361,368, April 19, 1887; Ratchet: Osgood, 344,130, June 22, 1886 |
OsgoodOsgood635.JPG
(a better example than above) |
Saxton
& Osgood, Buffalo, NY, 1886-87 |
Chuck: Osgood, 361,368, April 19, 1887; Ratchet: Osgood, 344,130, June 22, 1886 |
PeckPexto673.JPG | Peck, Stowe & Wilcox | Chuck: O. Peck, 246,904, September 13, 1881. |
StreeterShepardson655.JPG | Shepardson
&
Co. Shelbourne Falls, Mass. |
Chuck: Streeter, 61,113, January 8, 1867. |
Taylor-I-679.JPG
(octagonal bar frame) |
Unknown | Chuck: Taylor |
TaylorWilson683.JPG | Wilson
Mfg. Co. New London, Conn. |
Chuck: Taylor |
Unknown666.JPG | Maybe Chantrell | Chuck: Chantrell, 284,275, September 4, 1883 or 328,628, October 20, 1885; Ratchet, either 286,683; or 302,320; or 328,649 or another, as the selector does not match any of his ratchet patents, but the frame shape does. I have three examples, all different. |
WilcoxWilcox669.JPG | American
Bit Brace
Co., Buffalo, NY |
Chuck & Ratchet: Wilcox, 428,984, May 27, 1890; See also: Amidon & Zirikelback chuck patents & Parker ratchet patent 384,865. |
WPeck814318-320.JPG | Fulton (a trademark used by the Stanley Rule & Level Co.) | Chuck: W. Peck, 814,320; Pad bearing: W. Peck 814,318. Stanley owned these patents and 814,319 also. |
WPeckPhoenixNotFulton.JPG | Phoenix
Hdw. Mfg.
Co. Homer, NY. |
Chuck: W. Peck, 814,320; Pad bearing: W. Peck 814,318. Stanley owned these patents and 814,319 also. |
StanleyX-3OD.htm | Stanley, New Brittain, Conn. USA | Jaws: C.E. Mitchell, 1,011,217 |
JFSteward084.htm | Unknown maker, Kansas | Crank & handle: J.F. Steward, 460,256 |